Atomica
2He4.0026

Helium

Noble gases

Colourless gases with full outer shells, so they hardly ever react.

1s²

Atomic number
2
Atomic mass
4.0026
Protons
2
Neutrons
2 (most common)
Electrons
2
Shells
2
State at 25 °C
Gas
Position
Group 18, period 1
Proton (+)Neutron (0)Electron (−)
Discovered byPierre Janssen and Norman Lockyer, 1868William Ramsay: 5 elementsPierre Janssen and Norman Lockyer: 1 element

Janssen spotted a new yellow line in sunlight while watching a solar eclipse from Guntur, India. Lockyer named it after the Greek Sun god Helios. It was found on Earth in 1895 by William Ramsay.

Did you know?

  • It was discovered on the Sun before it was found on Earth.
  • It almost never reacts with anything, because its only shell is full.

Where it's found

  • Natural gas deposits
  • The Sun and stars

What it's used for

  • Party and weather balloons
  • Cooling MRI scanner magnets
  • Deep-sea diving gas mixtures

Try it

There's no safe home experiment for Helium. Explore it with the animated atom above instead.